Relatively short, definitional and largely non technical definition of zero-knowledge proofs. Previously covered here, and under examination. Useful for any kind of transaction.
Hacker Lexicon: What Are Zero-Knowledge Proofs?
How do you make blockchain and other transactions truly private? With mathematical models known as zero-knowledge proofs.
In digital security, the less stray information floating around the better. The fewer companies storing your financial records, the less likely they'll be exposed in a breach. But though there are lots of ways to cut down on data sharing and retention, there are some things services just need to know, right? Thanks to the cryptographic method known as “zero-knowledge proofs” that’s not always the case. ... "
And here, related, pointer to a paper, and considerably more technical piece:
You Can Now Prove a Whole Blockchain With One Math Problem – Really By William Foxley in Coindesk
The Electric Coin Company (ECC) says it discovered a new way to scale blockchains with “recursive proof composition,” a proof to verify the entirety of a blockchain in one function. For the ECC and zcash, the new project, Halo, may hold the key to privacy at scale.
A privacy coin based on zero-knowledge proofs, referred to as zk-SNARKs, zcash’s current underlying protocol relies on “trusted setups.” These mathematical parameters were used twice in zcash’s short history: upon its launch in 2016 and first large protocol change, Sapling, in 2018. ... "
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