Efficiency vs Value in Innovation

In Innovation Excellence:   A look at the innovation equation.  Measurement is always a useful exercise, even if you don't use the measure directly. " ... What organizations need to understand is that, at the macro level, productivity – which of course is central to profitable economic growth – has always been determined by two elements. On one side, it is determined by the efficiency with which companies use their inputs – how much labor and capital it takes to produce their goods and services. On the other side, productivity is determined by the value that customers place on the outputs.... "