Science of Swarms

Lots of interesting examples of swarm complexity models.  In Wired.  Simulation of cancer and the prediction of the future.  An area we explored, but did not ultimately come up with a breakthrough example application.  I am optimistic that this combination of simulation and simple AI has much in its future.  " ...  example of a phenomenon that has captured the imagination of researchers around the world. For more than a century people have tried to understand how individuals become unified groups. The hints were tantalizing—animals spontaneously generate the same formations that physicists observe in statistical models. There had to be underlying commonalities. The secrets of the swarm hinted at a whole new way of looking at the world... ." 
See also this recent book.